Classic case of misunderstanding/miscommunication.
The original question was about unplugging the cluster and plugging it back in. There was no mention of "trying to start the car with mismatched cluster" between those two.
You likely have an error stored in ECU's EEPROM now. Which is a bitch to write to.
One of the solutions is to re-flash with "immo off" flash file, then get this sorted later.
Another option is adapting the used cluster with VCDS. Need to dig out PIN codes from both new and old one.
EDIT:
Actually.
I have never seen a mismatched cluster trigger an ECU EEPROM error.
Can try having the original cluster in the car, then disconnecting the battery for a couple of mins, then connecting it back. Should clear all faults and allow the car to start.
YMMV, though. The fact that I haven't seen that, doesn't mean that such a thing doesn't exist. Didn't mess much with immo.