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But of course! It no longer knows it's lean!

This still looks like vacuum leak (unmetered air). Need to verify how "malfunction in circuit" code is set, but that's likely a byproduct of being too lean.

001 shows it in the rightmost 2 windows.
As suggested by Mark, can also try unplugging MAFs. Will make the car run on "limp home" fueling & mostly eliminate up-throttle leaks contribution to the...

Timing will jump a lot from 0 to positive numbers, that's tq reserves working.
Check VCDS blocks 91-92-93 for cam tensioners. I don't buy the "both broke at once" theory.
Take a look at "idle"...